Bacaha noolaha ah ayaa markii ugu horreysay la soo bandhigay dabayaaqadii 1980-meeyadii, jaahwareerka iyo shakiguna wuu sii jiray ilaa iyo markaas ee ku saabsan sheegashada iyo waxqabadka alaabta.

Inkasta oo alaabtan oo kale lagu tiriyo inay yihiin kuwo deegaan ahaan u wanaagsan, qaar ka mid ah badeecooyinka balaastikada ah ee noolaha laguma samayn karo marka hore sidii la filayay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, shirkadaha soo saara agabkan ayaa ku andacoonaya in ay yihiin kuwo noolaha, inkasta oo aanay jirin hab iyo hab tijaabo ah oo cilmi ku salaysan.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, maanta xaaladdu way is beddeshay. Kadib 2002, waxa si cilmiyeysan loo caddeeyey in maadada ay biodegrade saari doonto oo aanay ka tagi doonin hadhaagii synthetic, waxaana la sameeyay habab cusub oo imtixaan iyo barnaamijyo shahaado ah.

Heerarka walxaha biodegradable ee ugu horreeyay ee la daabacay waxay ahaayeen heerarka soo socda ee ay soo saartay Ururka Mareykanka ee Tijaabinta iyo Qalabka (ASTM):

• ASTM D6400-19 Tilmaamaha caadiga ah ee calaamadaynta balaastikada loogu talagalay in lagu qaso hawada hawada gudaha xarumaha dawladda hoose ama warshadaha
• ASTM D6868-21 Tilmaamaha caadiga ah ee calaamadinta alaabta la dhammeeyey ee ay ku jiraan balaastikada iyo polymers-ka sida dahaarka ama waxyaabaha lagu daro warqad iyo substrates kale oo loogu talagalay in lagu qaso hawada hawada gudaha xarumaha dawladda hoose ama warshadaha.

Heerka ASTM D6400-19 wuxuu dabooshaa balaastigga iyo alaabada laga sameeyay balaastikada loogu talagalay in lagu bacrimiyo tas-hiilaadka qashinka hawada hawada ee degmada iyo warshadaha. Tilmaamaha ku jira heerkan waa kuwa looga baahan yahay si loo go'aamiyo in balaastiigyada iyo alaabada laga sameeyay balaastiiggu ay compost ku qancin doonaan, oo ay ku jiraan biodegradation-ka oo ah heer u dhigma walxaha la yaqaan ee la yaqaan.

ASTM D6868-21 waxay qeexaysaa shuruudaha calaamadaynta alaabta iyo alaabta, oo ay ku jiraan baakadaha, halkaas oo filim caag ah oo noolaha ah ama daahan lagu daro substrates-ka samaysan oo alaabta oo dhan loogu talagalay in la dhigo. Asal ahaan, heerkani wuxuu u baahan yahay badeecada inay compost ku qanacdo: burburka saxda ah inta lagu guda jiro curinta, xaalufinta noole ee dabiiciga ah oo ku filan, iyo wax saameyn ah oo xun ku yeelan maayo awooda composts si ay u taageerto koritaanka dhirta.

Maanta, waxay soo gaadhay heer ay alaabta nooluhu ay leeyihiin shaqada alaabta jirta, laakiin waxay si buuxda u baabi'in doontaa oo ammaan ah iyada oo aan ka tagin wax hadhaaga ah marka lagu daro xarun weyn.

Ururkayagu had iyo jeer wuxuu raacaa halbeegyada gudaha iyo dibadda, xeerarka sharciga ee lagu dabaqi karo iyo dhaqamada guud ee la aqbali karo ee shahaadaynta iyo daraasadaha calaamadaynta, sidoo kale waxay leedahay shaqaale tababaran oo khibrad leh iyo tas-hiilaadyo horumarsan oo tignoolajiyadeed. Xaaladdan oo kale, codsanaya ganacsiyada,Waxa kale oo ay bixisaa shahaado compost iyo C-Label (Compost Summadaynta) adeegyada calaamadaynta compost.